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Bauhinia purpurea L.

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HIGHER TAXON: Cercideae

GENUS: Bauhinia L.

Bauhinia purpurea L. [Preferred name]
    Bauhinia castrata Blanco {Synonym}
    Bauhinia coromandeliana DC. {Synonym}
    Bauhinia platyphylla Span. {Synonym}
    Bauhinia purpurea var. corneri de Wit {Synonym}
    Bauhinia purpurea var. violacea de Wit {Synonym}
    Bauhinia rosea Corner {Synonym}
    Bauhinia triandra Roxb. {Synonym}
    Bauhinia violacea Corner {Synonym}
    Caspareopsis purpurea (L.)Pittier {Synonym}
    Phanera purpurea (L.)Benth. {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Bauhinia a Fleurs Pourpres [3052]; Butterfly Tree [261, 2023]; Khairwal [3030]; Orchid Tree [261, 2023]; Palo De Orquideas [1645]; Pie De Cabra [1645]; Pink Butterfly Tree [2265]; Purple Bauhinia [120, 1902]; Purple Butterfly Tree [2264]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Ethiopia (I) [8]; Malawi (I) [8]; Mozambique (I) [8]; Nigeria (I) [8]; Sierra Leone (I) [8]; South Africa (I) [107]; Uganda (I) [2]; Zaire (I) [8]; Zambia (I) [8]
  Asia
Bangladesh (N) [3383]; Bhutan (N) [1947]; Brunei (I) [3939]; China (N) [2085, 3409]; Hainan (N) [2085]; Hong Kong (N) [2085]; India (N) [1914, 1947, 3017, 3020, 3026, 3027, 3028, 3040, 3041, 3043, 3092, 3094, 3099, 3140, 3142, 3366, 3368, 3371, 3372, 3373, 3374, 3375, 3377, 3384, 3590, 3663]; Andhra Pradesh [3384]; Arunachal Pradesh [3040]; Assam [3590]; Bihar [3371]; Delhi [3372]; Goa [3094]; Gujarat [3017]; Haryana [3373]; Himachal Pradesh [3140]; Jammu-Kashmir [3041]; Karnataka [3020]; Kerala [3374]; Madhaya Pradesh [3375]; Maharashtra [3099]; Manipur [3142]; Meghalaya [3043]; Mizoram [3366]; Nagaland [3366]; Orissa [3026]; Pondicherry [3366]; Punjab [3377]; Rajasthan [3028]; Sikkim [1947]; Tamil Nadu [3027]; Tripura [3092]; Uttar Pradesh [3663]; West Bengal [3368]; Yanan [3366]; Indonesia (I) [120, 3001]; Iraq (I) [1939]; Laos (I) [1935]; Malaysia (I) [120, 3001]; Myanmar (N) [2021]; Nepal (N) [1914, 2898, 3369]; Pakistan (N) [2021]; Philippines (N) [123]; Ryukyu Is (I) [2825]; Sri Lanka (I) [2023]; Taiwan (I) [1931, 2827]; Thailand (I) [2002]; Vietnam (I) [1935]
  Australasia
Papua New Guinea (I) [261, 3001]
  Caribbean
Barbados (I) [1790]; Martinique (I) [1790]; Puerto Rico (N) [1430]; St Lucia (I) [1790]
  Central America
Costa Rica (I) [1658]; El Salvador (I) [2156]; Guatemala (I) [1645]; Mexico(North & Central) (I) [1714]; Mexico(South East) (I) [1117, 1188]; Panama (I) [1606]
  Indian Ocean
Andaman Is (I) [3366]; Madagascar (I) [8]; Mauritius (I) [3052]; Nicobar Is (I) [3366]
  North America
United States (I) [1645]
  Pacific Ocean
Fiji (I) [1940, 2264]; Northern Marianas (I) [2235]; Pitcairn Is (I) [2265]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Cultivated [1790];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [107, 120, 261, 1430, 1790, 1862, 1931, 1935, 1947, 2002, 2021, 2825, 3001, 3026, 3409] ; Illustration [1929, 1931, 1935, 2002, 2021, 2085, 3409]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [3001] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Shrub [3001], Tree [3001] ; Lifespan: Perennial [3001] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Heald J, 1996 (Japan) Ohashi H, 2004

  
USES:
  Chemical products [3030]; Domestic [2828]; Environmental [107, 120, 1915, 2023, 2264, 2828, 3001]; Fibre [3030, 3034]; Food and Drink [2829, 3026, 3030, 3034]; Forage [1947, 2828, 2829, 3030]; Medicine [2023, 2829, 3030, 3034]; Miscellaneous [1947, 2023]; Wood [2829, 3030]

  
NOTES:
  Cultivated throughout the tropics. Originally palaeotropic. [2002]
  The commonest cultivated form is B. x blakeana (B.purpurea x B.variegata) [2832]
  which is almost sterile and produces very few pods. [2832]
  Native of tropical Asia, probably the continental monsoon areas NW to Nepal. [3001]
  Native to Asia. [1915]

  
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